How to enter the adjustment mode – Sharp LC30HV4H LCD TV – data adjustment procedure, firmware update and details - SMPS and backlight inverter schematic

Sharp LC-30HV4M, Sharp LC-30HV4H - How to enter adjustment mode, adjustment procedure, firmware update and more..

Adjustment procedures (AVC system)

1.The product has been adjusted and optimised in the factory. If the product needs to be readjusted for some reason, e.g., after parts replacement, follow the instructions shown below.
2. Control parameter values set in the in-process adjustment mode has been stored in the corresponding registers. When the product is readjusted, the contents of the registers are changed. Before readjustment, factory settings should be noted in case the contents of registers require to be restored.
3. Use a stabilised AC power supply.
4. To rewrite a program, you should note the items ("OSD MENU" and "Adjustment Values") you want to change and initialise EEPROM, and then rewrite the changes into EEPROM.

How to enter the in-process adjustment mode

[Exercise great care to hide the procedure in entering the in-process adjustment mode from the customer. Inadvertent setting changes in this mode may cause a fatal error resulting in a program being unrecoverable]

Entering the in-process adjustment mode
Connect the system cable between the display and AVC system. Connect the AC cord, respectively.  An AVC System is set as a standby state, and turn off the "MAIN POWER" button of the Display.
1. Turn on the main power while holding down the "Input" button and the "VOL (-)" button of the Display simultaneously. (Continue pushing "INPUT" and "VOL (-)" buttons until a display comes out.)
The system will be activated.
If you see multiple lines of blue characters on the display, you are in the in-process adjustment mode. 

If not (the normal activation screen opens), retry.
2. Accessing the inspection process mode:
After activation of the system, make adjustments according to the instructions indicated on the process adjustment OSD menu screen.
Move to the General Process Adjustment (AVC System Section Process).

3. Restoring factory settings:

(At the time of "INDUSTRY INIT" execution, please wait for about 30 seconds until /// disappears.)
When the "INDUSTRY INIT" button is selected after activation of the system, factory channel setting remains unchanged.
After the system exits from the in-process adjustment mode changes made by the user will default to factory settings. Note that channel setting is also initialised.
4. Exiting from the in-process adjustment mode
Unplug the power cable while the system is in the in-process adjustment mode to exit from the mode. Take care not to press the "POWER" button on the remote controller or the AVC system after using factory settings to run the system.
5. OSD menu screen and menu items during manual adjustment:
 The layout and menu items of the OSD menu screen may somewhat vary depending on the program versions.
 Just rewriting a program does not cause settings to be "initial values". (Preparation for adjustment)

Button operation in the in-process adjustment mode

Cursor Up Cursor Down Volume (Up) Volume (Down) ENTER Cursor Left Cursor Right Channel (Up) Channel (Down) INPUT

Move to the next page Back to the previous page Increase the setting by 1 Decrease the setting by 1 Execute the function Increase the setting by 10 Decrease the setting by 10 Move the cursor up Move the cursor down Change input (Tuner -> Input 1 -> Input 2 ->Input 3 -> Input 4 -> PC ->)

In-process adjustment screen layout

6. Loading the backup data and setting HDCP when the PC I/F unit is replaced.
Nearly all data including factory settings, user settings, and channel setting is stored in the PC I/F unit.  The product comes with EEPROM (IC1506) on the Main Unit in case the PC I/F unit is replaced; original data backed up on the EEPROM can be loaded to the new PC I/F unit.
 How to load the backup data
Select EEPROM RECOVER in the OSD menu and turn the "Volume" key ON; then press "ENTER".
 How to set HDCP
After completion of adjustments, select KEY WRITE "ON" in the OSD menu  for manual adjustment.

Voltage Adjustment

Tuner adjustment

PAL signal adjustment - SECAM signal adjustment

 N358 signal adjustment

Component 15k Hz signal adjustment - Component HDTV signal adjustment - Factory settings

1) Perform factory setting as the latest task. Do not turn on the power after factory setting.
2) Turn the AVC AC power off to turn off the system.
Never turn off the power during factory setting.
3) After completion of factory setting, the system will exit from the process adjustment mode automatically. If not so, HDCP has been set to off. Check HDCP setting.
4) Factory setting results in initialisation of all user settings including channel setting.
(Items set in process adjustment mode are not initialised).
Items initialised by factory setting include the following:
 User settings (menu)
 Channel data (including broadcast frequencies)
 Password
 Operation time
 Auto installation flag
 Optimal manufacturer settings.

Adjustment Mode Menu List (AVC System)

Upgrading installed programs

Programs installed in the product are mainly divided into the following two categories:
 Main programs (for AVC system)
 Monitoring program (for display)

CAUTON: Exercise great care to hide the procedure in entering the in-process adjustment mode from the customer. Inadvertent setting changes in this mode may cause a fatal error resulting in a program being unrecoverable.

Tools required
 PC
A Windows 95/98/me/2000/XP PC that has a COM port (RS-232C).
A USB-R232C converter will be acceptable provided that it is appropriately set and has PC compatibility.
 RS-232C cross cable
Interlink cable is also acceptable.

Preparations
Rewriting a program needs the product to enter the in-process adjustment mode.
1) The rewriting software is supplied in the form of an exe file named e.g., "MAIN_2002_10_10A.exe" (provisional).
Create a directory on a HD and copy the software into the directory.
2) Double-click the file. The file will be self-extracted. Check the extracted file against the documentation accompanying with the software.
3) Connect the AVC System and the display unit with each other and make them ready for operation (make sure the power LEDs of the AVC System and display unit turn red).
4) Use an RS-232C cable to connect the PC to the AVC System.
5) Turn off the "MAIN POWER" button of the Display.
6) Press the "MAIN POWER" button while holding down the "VOL (-)" and "INPUT" buttons on the display unit simultaneously. (Continue pushing "VOL (-)" and "INPUT" buttons until a display comes out.)
If blue characters appear on the display, the system has entered the in-process adjustment mode successfully.
If not (the normal activation screen opens), retry.

Rewriting the main program
1) In the in-process adjustment mode, press the "CH (Up)" button on the remote controller.

2) Make sure CENTER PROG UPDATE is highlighted.
(It checks that "CENTER PROG UPDATE"  is chosen.)
3) Use the "VOL (+)/(-)" burtons to change OFF to ON.
4) Press the "ENTER" button on the remote controller. Characters on the screen will disappear and the screen blacks out.
5) Double-click the batch file specified in the document accompanying with the software.
6) A black window (MS-DOS window) will open and rewriting starts automatically.
For a while, "OK received" will appear on the screen.
Rewiring of the main program is now complete. Unplug the AC cord from the AVC System and turn off the system and then on again.
7) Enter the in-process adjustment mode and make sure the version information on the "CENTER Version", "OSD Version" and "CVIC Version" has been updated.

Adjustment procedures (display)

See "Adjusting mode" described above for the steps to go into adjustment process mode.
NOTE: When IC2203 is replaced, it id needed to initialisation first then Background adjustment and Common bias adjustment.

+B adjustment (LCD Control PWB: R4648)
1. Receive NTSC standard color bar signal.
2. Connect digital voltmeter to TP4602 and adjust to the specified value.
Specification: 13.00 ± 0.05V
2) Common bias adjustment
Make this adjustment each for "50 Hz", "60 Hz" and "PC". Select the input signal according to the indication onscreen.
1. Go to "Adjustment process mode".
2. On the LCD, select "14" of "PATTERN 1", dot inversion flicker pattern 2.
3. Then, select "COM BIAS" on the LCD.
4. Set the value so that the flicker on the screen is minimised.
Note: Apply this adjustment after for at least 30 min.

3) Background adjustment
1. Select video standard, and confirm the indication that the unit is preset to the standard.
2. At video input, receive the window pattern signal having left 80% WHITE (200/255) and right 20% WHITE (48/ 255).
3. Set the screen size to the full mode.
4. Go to "Adjustment process mode".
5. Adjust "R OFFSET", "G OFFSET" and "B OFFSET" in "SIL861" so that left side 80% WHITE window pattern is set to the specified value.
6. Adjust "R GAMMA", "G GAMMA" and "B GAMMA" in "SIL861" so that right side 20% WHITE window pattern is set to the specified value.
Specification: x = 0.278, y = 0.274 (80% WHITE), x= 0.259, y = 0.248 (20% WHITE) (LC-30HV4M) x = 0.283, y = 0.274 (80% WHITE), x= 0.263, y = 0.242 (20% WHITE) (LC-30HV4H)
Note: Apply this adjustment after for at least 30 min.
4) Initialisation
1. Go to "Adjustment process mode".
2. Select "1" thru "3" of "CLR MODE" in "TEST".
Setting range: 0 Normal
1 Initial setting (User clear: Factory setting)
2 Initial setting (All clear) Full initialisation of EEPROM (except for ROM area)
3 Full initialisation of Configuration EEPROM
3. Move the cursor down by one line.
4. Press "VOL UP" key and change the display from "WAIT" to "SEND" (write).
5. Do not shut down power while the display is "SEND".
6. When the writing is finished, the display changes from "SEND" to "WAIT".
5) Resetting lamp error counter
1. Go to "Adjustment process mode".
2. Select "L ERR RESET" in "TEST".
3. Reset the data to "0".

ERROR RESET
Function: Reset of fluorescent lamp error counter.
It resets the times of fluorescent lamp errors and clears the last value in the memory.
Indication range: 0-5 (Fluorescent lamp errors)
(When lamp error exceeds 5 times, power supply is disabled. Resetting is required in this case.)

Adjusting Mode
1. Overview
The controller IC can be adjusted in this mode.
Adjustment is done while controlling the setting of the resistor corresponding to the selected adjustment item.
When monitor is used independently, it is adjusted using the OSD simple display function incorporated in LCD controller.
The OSD function of panel link receiver (SIL861) is used for adjustment of the independent monitor.
2. Entry to the mode
1) When cable is not connected (independent mode), follow the steps below.
a) When power switch is turned on, press the main unit INPUT and VOL DOWN keys simultaneously.
b) Press the remote controller's process adjustment key (R/C code: 40h) / process adjustment mode 2 key (R/ C code: 31h).
2) When not in independent mode, follow the steps below.
a) When power switch is turned on, press the main unit CH DOWN and VOL UP keys simultaneously.
b) Press the remote controller's process adjustment mode 2 key.
3. Exit from the mode
Turn off the power.
Press the remote controller's process adjustment mode 2 key.

4. Display
1) First layer display
The third line shows the title. The 5th line and below show the items. Microprocessor's version number appears in the 16th line.

2) Second layer display (Adjustment item display)
A single page shows up to 10 adjustment items (or 14 lines).
The third line shows the title and the screen mode selected in MODE items (only when LCD is selected).
The 5th line shows the item. Microprocessor's version number appears in the 16th line.
Example) 1.00 * 1 00
Setting is shown in decimal number.

Changing data

In "adjustment item display", the items pointed by cursor can be changed using VOL UP/DOWN key.(Holding down the key is effective.)
For the items in "LCD DATA", select the item and hit ENTER key. The ten's digit (leftmost digit) in the address changes to red (others in green). Data change using VOL UP/DOWN key is enabled.
To move to the next digit, press CH UP key (or rightward cursor key). To go back to the previous digit, press CH DOWN key (or leftward cursor key). Thus, 4 digits data can be entered.
When CH UP key is pressed while in rightmost digit, the cursor moves to the leftmost digit. When CH DOWN key is pressed while in leftmost digit, the cursor moves to the rightmost digit.
After address data adjustment, press ENTER key to exit from 4-digit adjustment and change the entire "LCD DATA" line to red letters. (Same status as item selection)

Key operation

1) Basic behaviors
Basic key behaviors are as follows

2) Data UP/DOWN
For the item for which OSD display is available, switch the display.
Adjust the data with UP/DOWN operation. (Any value beyond the limit is replaced by the limit value.)
Output data processing
Data transmission for every UP/DOWN operation (Data related to peripheral controller IC)
Execution of the last memory data when key is off
While the key is held down, the second step is performed approx. 500ms after the key operation and, after this, every single step of UP/DOWN is carried out sequentially at 135ms interval.
3) Cursor UP/DOWN
Select the adjustment item by pointing it with the cursor.
When upward cursor movement is done while the cursor is at the top item, the cursor goes to the bottom item.
(In the case of multiple pages, the cursor goes to the bottom item on the previous page.)
When downward cursor movement is done while the cursor is at the bottom item, the cursor goes to the top item. (In the case of multiple pages, the cursor goes to the top item on the next page.)
While the key is held down, the second step is performed approx. 500ms after the key operation and, after this, every single step of UP/DOWN is carried out sequentially at 135ms interval.

Inverter ground unit - schematic

Inverter unit-1 - schematic

Inverter unit-2 - schematic

SMPS (Power board) schematic

Panasonic Microwave Oven NN-S550WF power supply and repair procedure - HV power supply schematic

The High voltage power supply unit measures 163mm x 106mm and weighs about 700gms

At left is the control daughter board. In front of that on the main board are the opto-isolators for the control and status signals brought out to the green connector. Back left is the rectified mains filter choke.  The mains rectifier and switching transistors can just be seen on the heatsink behind the transformer.
The mains filter capacitor is at right rear. The HV rectifiers and filters (doubler) are right front – white wires are the HV output from the transformer. The green wire is for grounding the HV +ve. The two lugs at right are for connecting HV -ve and heater to the magnetron. The winding that can be seen on the transformer is the primary and is made from 3mm finely stranded wire.

Control end, High voltage end and the HV PSU

HV PSU circuit diagram

1. There is no information about the Inverter control circuit. The circuit  is designed around one unmarked IC, so no help there.
2. The control and status signals seem to be a digital stream (2-3V suggests a 5V data stream). 

✓They are Opto-Isolated because the majority of the circuit is at mains potential (BEWARE).
✓ The part that isn’t is at 4kV (BEWARE)
3. The mains input side is monitored for both current and (under) voltage. No indication of what the control circuit does.
4. The mains filter capacitor (C702) is very small, only 4MFD. In a “normal” switching supply, there is usually 220 or 470 MFD in this position.
5. Q701 that does all the hard work, is a very heavy duty IGBT  (GT60N90 - 900V - 60 A.) Q702 forms some sort of flywheel circuit. This circuit from a Toshiba IGBT [Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor] application note.

6. The HV side has a full-wave Doubler Rectifier and  marked 4kV - 300mA. 

Unlike the classic microwave oven transformers (where one side of the winding is grounded), this means that the secondary must be well insulated from ground on both sides. A simple reconfiguration of the rectifier (replace the caps with diodes) into a bridge circuit should yield 2kV - 600mA (depending on the diode ratings)

7. The HV filter capacitors are only 8200 pF each, effectively giving 4100pF in the doubler.  Considering that the inverter runs at about 30kHz, the reactance is equivalent to that of a 5uF capacitor at 50Hz.
8. The positive side of the HV is grounded, so it’s a (–4kV) supply. Don’t simply swap the ground from the positive to the negative to get a +4kV supply, as the core of the transformer is also connected to this ground trace and will suddenly rise to 4kV above ground with disastrous and potentially fatal results. Instead, reverse the polarity of the rectifier diodes to get +4kV.

A kit is available consisting of two replacements IGBT’s and a replacement capacitor. The GT60N90 has been replaced by a GT60N321 which has a 1kV-900V. The smaller GT30J322 is unchanged, although a replacement is supplied in the kit. Also, a 330pF capacitor on the control board is replaced with a 56pF. Perhaps it would be wise to alter the value of that capacitor anyway, even if the bigger IGBT is not fitted.

Initial Measurements
Obtained a PSU from someone working in the servicing industry, didn’t have a complete oven on which to do testing. So, the first challenge was to get the PSU to operate standalone. The major unknown here was the format of the control signal required to get the PSU to do anything at all. It could have been anything from a variable frequency square wave up to a complex data stream.
The only solution was to obtain a working oven, and eventually, one was obtained. As an added bonus, had a spare inverter too.
With the cover off the microwave oven, and CRO connected, the control and status signals were measured with the oven operating.  The Control signal is a TTL-level 220Hz square wave where the duty cycle determines the “Power” from the Magnetron.  The Status signal from the PSU is a 110Hz square wave with a fixed 50% duty cycle. This signal seems to be present when there is a current drain, probably to signal that the Magnetron is warm and operating.
The Control and Status signals are synchronised to each other, but have no relationship to AC mains frequency or phase.  Here’s a picture of the CRO trace showing the control signal (top) and the status signal (bottom).

The control signal duty cycles for different oven “Power” settings are shown in the table

At low power levels, the PSU starts at a higher power level (50%) until the Status signal appears, then drops back to a lower level (hence the two values in the table for On Time and Duty Cycle).  This could be because the Magnetron filament requires at least the 50% power level for it to heat up, then it sustains itself from back bombardment once RF is being produced.
At low levels, the PSU is cycled on and off at the 40% power level over a 22 second period to reduce the average power output.  

Turning now to the output side of the PSU, using a 1000:1 high voltage probe on the input of the CRO shows the following waveforms. The probe was not designed for use with the CRO, so the waveform could be somewhat inaccurate.

Vertical scale has 0 volts at the baseline and 1kV per division. Horizontal scale is 2mS per division.  This shows the PSU output at full power. The 100Hz ripple due to the small mains filter capacitor can clearly be seen. What is more difficult to see is the 30 kHz ripple from the inverter switching.
Although microwave ovens don’t really care if there is ripple on the RF, it’s worth speculating why the designers allowed so much 100Hz ripple. One theory is that the Magnetron would probably stop oscillating during the low parts of the voltage cycle, allowing other users of the 2.4 GHz spectrum (e hig. WiFi networks) to get a go.

Stand-alone testing
The next step was to get the spare PSU up and running. To do this, two main things are required:
1. A circuit to generate the PWM control signal
2. A variable load, first to simulate a Magnetron and then to simulate a linear amplifier (the final use to which the HV Inverter supply is intended).
A simple PWM generator built using a 555. Details may be found in the 555 datasheet. The potentiometer that varies the duty cycle has fixed resistors at each end to limit the adjustment to within the 25% to 75% to range generated by the microwave oven controller.
The load is a bit more problematic. It needs to handle 4kV+ (at low loads, the output voltage might soar) at 300 mA – that’s 1200 watts. Plus, it needs to be variable for effective testing. Finally settled on using the RF deck from one  linear amplifiers as the load. The GS-35b tube can handle up to 6kV and dissipate over 1500W (with the blower going). Also, the RF deck has a variable bias circuit so the current drain can be varied over a limited range easily.
The testing has done at each power level setting for the HV supply from minimum continuous (40%) to maximum (100%). At each setting, the RF deck bias setting was set to minimum and maximum and the voltage and current were measured for each of these.

Notes:

It is reluctant to exceed 4kV output, so, for the Minimum Load tests for 80% to 100%, the current drain is set to 300mA and voltage measured.

Working current from the HV PSU is listed as 300mA on the circuit diagram. For the Maximum Bias tests, that current was exceed by the 70% power level and the output voltage had flat-topped beyond that current, so I didn’t test at 100% power.

The initial reaction after measuring the voltage and current is that the output voltage from the HV PSU is extremely poorly regulated. However, Entered the data into a spreadsheet and calculated the power, it all became clear. The power supply is delivering constant power into the load, and doing a very good job of it. (For example, at the 50% power level, with a variation of almost 50% in current drain, the power output varies by just 1 watt.) I know little about Magnetrons, but  assume the constant power characteristic is to cope with variations in Magnetron characteristics. Regardless of whether a Magnetron operates at 3500V or 4000V, the power input (and hence heating output) will be the same.

However, the constant-power function is not very useful for powering a linear amplifier where power input varies widely (in my case, from 130 watts (idle) to 750 watts (peak)).

Required Modifications
The requirement is for 2kV - 370mA. Therefore, the first step would be to obtain two more of the HV rectifier diodes and reconfigure the output to a bridge rectifier. The diodes must be the same type (UXC2B), which are high speed to cope with the 30 KHz switching. Of course, the diodes must also be reversed so that the negative output goes to ground.
The 100Hz ripple problem would be relatively easy to overcome. The obvious way to do this is to increase the value of the rectified mains filter capacitor. Rather than just replacing the cap (it’s a special non-polarised type), it may be better to leave the original in place in case it is also providing some special high frequency bypassing for the inverter. A 220uF capacitor can be added directly across the output of the bridge rectifier.
The 30kHz ripple would be solved in a similar manner. A standard (non-inverter) microwave oven HV filter capacitor (1uF - 2700 VAC) would probably work OK.
Voltage regulation is the major issue. The Inverter control circuit senses the current and hence can calculate the power input to the power supply. It probably adjusts the switching duration until the current reaches the required level, according to the power setting.

There are several possible solutions
1. Regulate the output by sensing the HV output voltage and adjusting the control signal duty cycle.  Several things need to be considered here regarding the “normal” operation of the HV power supply in the microwave oven. The power output of the HV supply is never reduced below about 550 watts.  The lower power levels are achieved by cycling the 40% power level over a 22 second period. Is this because the magnetron needs a certain power level to keep the filament going or is there a problem with running the power supply below 40%? Also, the control signal is a 220 Hz square wave.
Therefore, there will be a significant delay (5+ mS) between any change in the control signal duty cycle and the HV supply responding, possibly leading to substantial spikes in the high voltage as the load changes.
2. Regulate the HV by generating an artificial current-sense signal to fool the Inverter Control Circuit into thinking that it is delivering a different power level to actual.
The comment above about minimum power level also applies here. This could be tricky to implement and, if the current-sense signal ever disappeared for any reason, the HV supply could well self-destruct as it tries to push as much power as possible into the load.
3. Use a fixed load on the power supply If a linear amplifier is required, then it could be operated in Class A. To switch off the amplifier during receive periods, the HV supply is simply turned off. Thus there is always a constant load in the power supply when it is operating.
Using a Panasonic HV Inverter power supply to power a linear amplifier has many interesting possibilities:
* Much lighter and more compact than a power supply using an iron-core transformer.
* High efficiency.
* 1200W of power (although continuous rating would probably be less).
* Simple control of power level.
However, the constant-power characteristic of the power supply output is not compatible with the varying power load drawn by a linear amplifier, unless the amplifier is operated in Class A in which case the heat dissipation may become an issue.
Further experimentation is required for conversion of the power supply to constant voltage.

Vestel 17MB55 – LCD TV board Service Mode, troubleshooting, working principle and more

17MB55 Vestel Main Board have been used with several model LCD TVs. Toshiba, Panasonic, Philips and other popular brand TV manufacturers  uses this kit with their several models of LCD TVs.

T/T2/C/A TUNER (U119)
The Si2158 is Silicon Labs' fourth-generation hybrid TV tuner supporting all worldwide terrestrial and cable TV standards. Requiring no external balun, SAW filters, wire wound conductors or LNAs, the Si2158 offers the lowest-cost BOM for a hybrid TV tuner. Also included are an integrated power-on reset circuit and an option for single power supply operation. As with prior-generation Silicon Labs TV tuners, the Si2158 maintains very high linearity and low noise to deliver superior picture quality and a higher number of received stations when compared to other silicon tuners and discrete MOPLL-based tuners. The Si2158 also incorporates a harmonic-rejection mixer to deliver excellent Wi-Fi and LTE immunity. For the best performance with next generation digital TV standards such as DVB-T2/C2, the Si2158 delivers industry-leading phase noise performance.

Worldwide hybrid TV tuner
* Analog TV: NTSC, PAL/SECAM
* Digital TV: ATSC/QAM, DVBT2/T/C2/C, ISDB-T/C, DTMB
* 42-1002 MHz frequency range
· Industry-leading margin to A/74,NorDig, DTG, ARIB, EN55020,OpenCable™
· Lowest BOM for a hybrid TV tuner
* No balun at RF input
* Integrated tracking filters requiring no external conductors or SAW filters
* Increased ESD protection on 6 pins
· Best-in-class real-world reception
* Exceeds MOPLL-based tuners
* Lowest phase noise
* High Wi-Fi and LTE immunity
· Low power consumption
* 3.3 V and 1.8 V power supplies
* 3.3 V single-supply option
· Integrated power-on reset circuit
· Single or separate output pins for ALIF/DLIF connection to SoC
· Standard CMOS process
· 4 x 4 mm, 28-pin QFN package
· RoHS compliant.

S/S2 TUNER (U125) OPTIONAL
The RDA5815s is a fully integrated direct conversion RF front end for DVB-S,DVB-S2&ABS-S,MMDS digital satellite Reception standard CMOS process. The receiving frequency range is from 250MHz to 2150MHz, and the baseband filter’s bandwidth can be selected from 4MHz to 40MHz with 1MHz step.  The RDA5815s consists of a variable gain LNA, quadrature down converter, variable IF gain amplifiers,  variable low-pass filters, reference oscillator, VCOs, synthesizer and output baseband amplifier to drive external ADC.  Based on RDA’s some innovative technique, the rda5815s offers excellent phase noise and very low implementation loss, required for advanced modulation systems such as 8PSK and DVB-S2. This tuner RF IC
does not require a balun and its fully integrated design saves valuable board space and simplifies RF layout.

Single-Chip RF to baseband Satellite receiver
· CMOS Fully integrated RF front end
· Low noise and wide dynamic range zero IF receiver
· Input frequency range:250 to 2150 MHz
· Input signal level: -100 to 5dBm
· More than 85dB gain control range
· Fully integrated PLL
· Integrated RX VCO
· Integrated baseband LPF with selectable cut-off frequency from 4Mhz to 40Mhz with 1Mhz step
· Integrated LNA with RF AGC
· Integrated reference oscillator
· I2C bus interface
· Automatic gain control
· 0.11um RF CMOS technology
· 3V to 3.6V operations
· Power consumption of less than 600mW
· Lower profile packages 4X4mm QFN24.

T2 or S/S2 DEMODULATOR (U106) OPTIONAL
The Si216X family has 3 different IC which are pin to pin compatible. DVB-S/S2 is supported by Si2166 and DVB-T2 is supported by Si2168.

LNB SUPPLY and CONTROL IC (U108) WITH SAT OPTIONAL
Intended for analogue and digital satellite receivers/Sat-TV and Sat-PC cards, the LNBH29 series is a monolithic voltage regulator and interface IC, assembled in QFN16 (3x3) and QFN16 (4x4) specifically designed to provide the 13 / 18 V power supply and the 22 kHz tone signalling to the LNB down-converter in the antenna dish or to the multi-switch box. In this application field, it offers a complete solution with extremely low component count, low power dissipation together with a simple design and I²C standard interfacing.
This IC has a built-in DC-DC step-up converter that, from a single source from 9 V to 17.5 V, generates the voltages (VUP) that allow the linear post-regulator to work with a minimum.  Dissipated power of 0.5 W typ. @ 500 mA load (the linear post-regulator drop voltage is internally kept at VUP - VOUT = 1 V typ.). The IC is also provided with an under voltage lockout circuit that disables the whole circuit when the supplied VCC drops below a fixed threshold (4.7 V typically). The step-up converter is provided with a soft-start function which reduces the inrush current during startup. The SS time is internally fixed at 4 ms type. To switch from 0 to 13 V and 6 ms typ. to switch from 0 to 18 V.

AD87587 (U124) (OPTIONAL FOR 6W and 8W PRODUCTS)

The AD87587 is an integrated audio system solution, embedding digital audio process, power stage amplifier, and a stereo 2Vrms line driver, for driving stereo bridge-tied speakers and headphone. Using I2C digital control interface, the user can control AD87587’s input format selection, mute and volume control functions. AD87587 has many built-in protection circuits to safeguard AD87587 from connection errors. It can provide 20W output power to stereo amplifiers or 40W output power for mono applications.
Features
· 16/18/20/24-bit input with I2S, Left-alignment and Right-alignment data format
· PSNR & DR(A-weighting) Loudspeaker: 97dB (PSNR), 105dB (DR) @ 24V
· Multiple sampling frequencies (Fs)
32 kHz/ 44.1 kHz / 48 kHz and
64 kHz/ 88.2 kHz / 96 kHz and
128 kHz/176.4 kHz/192 kHz
· System clock = 64x, 128x, 256x, 384x, 512x, 768x,1024x Fs
256x~1024x Fs for 32 kHz/ 44.1 kHz / 48 kHz
128x~512x Fs for 64 kHz/ 88.2 kHz / 96 kHz
64x~256x Fs for 128 kHz/176.4 kHz/192 kHz
· Supply voltage
3.3V for digital circuit
10V~26V for loudspeaker driver
· Loudspeaker output power for Stereo@ 24V
10W x 2ch into 8_ @ 0.16% THD+N
15W x 2ch into 8_ @ 0.18% THD+N
20W x 2ch into 8_ @ 0.24% THD+N
· Sounds processing including:
Volume control (+24dB~-103dB, 0.125dB/step)
Dynamic range control
Power clipping
Channel mixing
User programmed noise gate
DC-blocking high-pass filter 1
· Anti-pop design
· Short circuit and over-temperature protection

I2C control interface with selectable device address
· Internal PLL
· LV Under-voltage shutdown and HV Under-voltage detection
· Power saving mode
· Dynamic temperature control.

DRV632 (U121) (OPTIONAL HP DRIVER FOR 2.5W PRODUCTS)
The DRV632 is a 2-VRMS pop-free stereo line driver designed to allow the removal of the output dcblocking capacitors for reduced component count and cost. The device is ideal for single-supply electronics where size and cost are critical design parameters.   The DRV632 is capable of driving 2 VRMS into a 10-kΩ load with 3.3-V supply voltage. The device has differential inputs and uses external gain-setting resistors to support a gain range of ±1 V/V to ±10 V/V, and gain can be configured individually for each channel. The DRV632 has built-in active-mute control for pop-free audio on/off control. The DRV632 has an external under voltage detector that mutes the output when the power supply is removed, ensuring a pop-free shutdown.
The DRV632 does not require a power supply greater than 3.3 V to generate its 5.6-Vpp output, nor does it require a split-rail power supply. The DRV632 integrates its own charge pump to generate a negative supply rail that provides a clean, pop-free ground-biased 2-VRMS output. The DRV632 is available in a 14-pin TSSOP.

POWER STAGE

The DC voltages required for different blocks of the main board and panel are provided by main power supply unit. MB55 chassis can operate with PW05, IPS60, IPS61, IPS70, IPS20, IPS11, IPS16, IPS17, IPS19, PW25, PW26, PW03, PW04, PW06, and PW07 as main power supply and also with 12V adaptor. The main difference from previous projects MB55 uses the 2x6 pin power connector. And only 12V_STBY supply is necessary to provide all required board supplies. As the main power board has 2x6 pin option, MB55 can operate with above given power boards. 

Which power board can be used for board to board or cable connection?
Board to board (BTB): PW05, IPS60, IPS61, IPS70, IPS11, IPS16, IPS17, IPS19

Power Cable: PW25, PW26, PW03, PW04, PW06, PW07, IPS20,
The power supplies generate 12V standby mode DC voltage and 24V system voltage only for audio IC voltage in necessary situations. Power stage which is on-chassis generates 5V, 3V3 stand by voltage and 12V, 5V, 3V3, 2.5V, 1.5V, 1.2 and 1.15V supplies for other blocks of the chassis. The power block diagram with the blocks power requirements of MB55 is given below. And also you can find below the details about the Step down IC’s and LDO’s which are used in MB55 main board.

RT7278 (U101) (3A) – RT7240 (U101) (5A)
The RT7278/RT7240 is a synchronous step down converter with Advanced Constant On-Time (ACOT) mode control. The ACOT provides a very fast transient response with few external components. The low impedance internal MOSFET supports high efficiency operation with wide input voltage range from 4.5V to 17V. The proprietary circuit of the RT7278/RT7240 enables to support all ceramic capacitors. The output voltage can be adjustable between 0.8V and 8V. The soft-start is adjustable by an external capacitor.
Features
· ACOT Mode Enables Fast Transient Response
· 4.5V to 17V Input Voltage Range
· 3A Output Current
· 60mOhm Internal Low Site N-MOSFET
· Advanced Constant On-Time Control
· Support All Ceramic Capacitors
· Up to 95% Efficiency

· 700kHz Switching Frequency
· Adjustable Output Voltage from 0.8V to 8V
· Adjustable Soft-Start
· Cycle-by-Cycle Current Limit
· Input Under Voltage Lockout
· Thermal Shutdown Protection.

MP1498 (U103 & U104) (2A)
The MP1498 is a high-frequency, synchronous, rectified, step-down, switch-mode converter with built-in internal power MOSFETs. It offers a very compact solution to achieve 2A continuous output current with excellent load and line regulation over a wide input supply range. The MP1498 has synchronous mode operation for higher efficiency over the output current load range. Current-mode operation provides a fast transient response and eases loop stabilization. Protective features include over-current protection, thermal shutdown, and external SS control.

· Wide 4.5V-to-16V Operating Input Range
· 100mΩ/40mΩ Low RDS(ON) Internal Power MOSFETs
· Proprietary Switching-Loss–Reduction Technique
· High-Efficiency Synchronous Mode Operation
· Fixed 1.4MHz Switching Frequency
· Can Synchronize to a 300kHz-to-3MHz External Clock
· Externally-Programmable Soft-Start
· OCP and Hiccup
· Thermal Shutdown
· Output Adjustable from 0.8V
· Available in an 8-pin TSOT-23 Package.

TLV70033 (U107)
The TLV700xx series of low-dropout (LDO) linear regulators are low quiescent current devices with excellent line and load transient performance. These LDOs are designed for power-sensitive applications. A precision band gap and error amplifier provides overall 2% accuracy. Low output noise, very high power supply rejection ratio (PSRR), and low dropout voltage make this series of devices ideal for most battery operated handheld equipment. All device versions have thermal shutdown and current limit for safety.
Features
· 23Very Low Dropout:
43 mV at IOUT = 50 mA, VOUT = 2.8 V
85 mV at IOUT = 100 mA, VOUT = 2.8 V
175 mV at IOUT = 200 mA, VOUT = 2.35 V
· 2% Accuracy
· Low IQ: 31 μA
· Available in Fixed-Output Voltages from 1.2 V to 4.8 V
· High PSRR: 68 dB at 1 kHz.

TLV1117LV15 (U111)
The TLV1117LV series of low-dropout (LDO) linear regulators is a low input voltage version of the popular 1117 voltage regulator. The TLV1117LV is an extremely low-power device that consumes 500 times lower quiescent current than traditional 1117 voltage regulators, making it suitable for applications that mandate very low standby current. The TLV1117LV family of LDOs is also stable with 0 mA of load current; there is no minimum load requirement, making it an ideal choice for applications where the regulator is required to power very small loads during standby in addition to large currents on the order of 1 A during normal operation. The TLV1117LV offers excellent line and load transient performance, resulting in very small magnitude undershoots and overshoots of output voltage when the load current requirement changes from less than 1 mA to more than 500 mA.
Features
· 1.5% Typical Accuracy
· Low IQ: 100 μA (max)
· 500 times lower than standard 1117 devices
· VIN: 2.0 V to 5.5 V
· Absolute maximum VIN = 6.0 V
· Stable with 0-mA Output Current
· Low Dropout: 455 mV at 1 A for VOUT = 3.3 V
· High PSRR: 65 dB at 1 kHz
· Minimum Ensured Current Limit: 1.1 A
· Stable with Cost-Effective Ceramic Capacitors:
· With 0-Ω ESR
· Thermal Shutdown and Over current Protection.

SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION CIRCUIT
Short circuit protection is necessary for protecting chassis and main IC against damages when any Vcc supply shorts to ground. Protect pin should be logic high while normal operation. When there is a short circuit protect pin should be logic low. After any short detection, SW forces the system to go into standby mode and to indicate short circuit detection LEDs on LED card blinked in a determined sequence.

MICROCONTROLLER – Novatek:  NT72567 (MAIN IC) (U112)
The NT72567 is an integrated digital TV system-on-chip which compliants with variety ATV as NTSC, PAL and SECAM, and DTV standards as ISDB-T, DVB-T/-C, ITU-T J.83B, integrates DTV and multi-media AV decoder, SIF demodulator, and support A/V post-processing.  The integrated video ADC and video decoder support PC VGA port, YPbPr, SCART, CVBS and S-Video Input. Regarding the tuner input, The digital VIF performs the universal analogue TV demodulation (NTSC, PAL, and SECAM), including IF processing, AGC, video demodulation, and second sound IF generation (SSIF). The video decoder supports universal TV video format. The integrated audio ADC supports stereo audio input corresponding to video input sources. The integrated TV sound decoder supports universal TV sound format.  The advanced picture quality and color engine create more vivid image impression than ever. The HDMI receiver v1.4a supports deep color, CEC features and 3D formats. The USB high speed host supports updating
firmware code, multi-media playback from the external USB flash devices.  The standby controller can operate solely from the main system, powered by the standby power source from power module, consumes as low current as possible. It meets the requirement of Green appliance.

DDR3 SDRAM K4B1G1646G 1GB G-DIE (U113)
The 1 GB DDR3 SDRAM G-die is organized as a 8Mbit x 16 I/Os x 8banks device. This synchronous device achieves high speed double-data-rate transfer rates of up to 2133Mb/sec/pin (DDR3-2133) for general applications. The chip is designed to comply with the following key DDR3 SDRAM features such as posted CAS, Programmable CWL, Internal (Self) Calibration, On Die Termination using ODT pin and Asynchronous Reset . All of the control and address inputs are synchronized with a pair of externally supplied differential clocks. Inputs are latched at the cross point of differential clocks (CK rising and CK falling). All I/Os are synchronized with a pair of bidirectional strobes (DQS and DQS) in a source synchronous fashion. The address bus is used to convey row, column, and bank address information in a RAS/CAS multiplexing style. The DDR3 device operates with a single 1.5V ± 0.075V power supply and 1.5V ± 0.075V VDDQ. The 1 GB DDR3 G-die device is available in 96ball FBGA(x16).

PANEL SUPPLY SWITCH CIRCUIT
This switch is used to open and close panel supply of TCON. It is controlled by port of main µcontroller.  Also, with this circuit, the panel power sequences could be adjusted correctly. 2 panel supply options are connected to the circuit. All of them are optional according to panels.

SERVICE MENU SETTINGS
In order to reach the service menu, first press “MENU” button, then press “4725” from the remote controller keypad.

To exit the Service menu mode, Power Off the set by it's main power switch at the front panel.

SOFTWARE UPDATE
Software update procedure can be done by following these steps below:
1. The format of the USB stick, which will be used in software update, should be in FAT32.
2. “bornova_usb_update.bin” and “bornova_usb_update.scr” files should be copied in the root directory.
3. Plug in USB stick to the TV when it is powered off.
4. Press and hold the “OK” button in the remote controller while the TV is turned off then turn on the TV.
When IR LED starts to blink, release the “OK” button and wait for installation. It may take several minutes.

This procedure finishes successfully with First Time Installation screen and then required selections will be done.

NO BACK-LIGHT PROBLEM
Problem: TV is working, IR led is OFF but there is no picture and back-light on the panel.
Possible causes: BACK-LIGHT_ON/OFF pin, DIMMING pin, back-light supply, STBY ON/OFF pin Solution: BACK-LIGHT_ON/OFF pin should be high in back-light open position. If it is low, check Q100 and panel cables.

DIMMING pin should be high or square wave in back-light open position. If it is low, please check S128 for Novatek side and panel or power cables, connectors.

For W/ADAPTOR models, back-light power supply should be in panel specs. Please check CN102 and related connectors for power supply cards.

STBY_ON/OFF should be low for standby on condition, check R104.

CI MODULE PROBLEM
Problem: CI is not working when CI module inserted.
Possible causes: Supply, supply control pin, detect pins, mechanical positions (short circuit) of pins.

Solution: CI supply should be 5V when CI module inserted. If it is not 5V  check CI_POWER_CTRL, this pin should be low.

Check mechanical positions of CI module in case a short circuit.
Detect ports should be low. If it is not low, please check CI connector pins, CI module pins and VCC_PCMCIA.

LED BLINKING PROBLEM
Problem: LED blinking, no other operation
Possible causes: A short circuit on Vcc voltages.
Solution: Protect pin should be logic high while the TV is in normal operation. When there is a short circuit, protect pin will be logic low. If you detect logic low on protect pin, unplug the TV set and control voltage points with a multimeter to find the shorted voltage to ground.

IR PROBLEM
Problem: IR or LED is not working.
Possible causes: No supply on the LED card.
Solution: Please check LED card supply.

KEYPAD OR TOUCH-PAD PROBLEM
Problem: Keypad or Touch-pad is not working.
Possible causes: No supply on the Keypad card.
Solution: Please check Keypad supply and KEYBOARD pin.

USB PROBLEMS
Problem: USB is not working or no USB Detection.
Possible causes: No supply on the USB Interface circuit.
Solution: check USB Supply, it should be nearly 5V.

NO SOUND PROBLEM AT MAIN SPEAKERS
Problem: No audio at main speaker outputs.
Possible causes: No supply voltages on VDD_AUDIO, 5V_VCC, 3V3_VCC, 12V_VCC or VDD_AUDIO_PWR.

A problem in headphone connector or headphone detect circuit.
Solution: Please check supply voltages of VDD_AUDIO, 5V_VCC, 3V3_VCC, 12V_VCC and VDD_AUDIO_PWR with a voltage-meter.  Check headphone connector and headphone detect circuit (when headphone is connected, speakers are automatically muted). Measure voltage at HP_DETECT pin, it should be 3.3v.

NO SOUND PROBLEM AT HEADPHONE
Problem: No audio at headphone output.
Possible causes: No supply voltages on 5V_VCC, 3V3_VCC or a problem in headphone connector or headphone detect pin.
Solution: Please check supply voltages of 5V_VCC, 3V3_VCC with a voltage-meter. Please check headphone connector and headphone detect pin when the headphone is plugged in. Measure voltage at HP_DETECT pin, it should be low state (0V). A headphone sign should be seen in OSD screen when volume up or down button is pressed in the remote controller.

STANDBY ON/OFF PROBLEM
Problem: Device cannot boot, TV hangs in standby mode.
Possible causes: No power supply or a problem about software.
Solution: Please check 12V_VCC, 5V_VCC and 3V3_VCC with a voltage-meter. Try to update TV with latest SW. Additionally it is good to check SW printouts via hyper-terminal (or TeraTerm). These printouts may give a clue about the problem.

DVD PROBLEM
Problem: DVD is not working.
Possible causes: A problem in Service menu or no DVD supply voltage.
Solution: Please check that DVD source is selected in Service menu. Please check supply voltage of DVD namely 12V_VCC.

NO SIGNAL PROBLEM
Problem: No signal in TV mode.
Possible causes: A problem in Service menu or no tuner supply voltage.
Solution: Please check tuner supply voltage; 3V3_TUN. Check tuner options are correctly set in Service menu.
Check AGC voltage at IF_AGC pin of tuner, it should be more than 2V.